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What information do we have about ancient Macedonian? Was it a doric dialect? Would a Spartan and a Macedonian communicate just fine with eachother?Did the Macedonians also write in their dialect or did they use the Attic dialect to write? Do we know which variation of the greek alphabet they used?

I believe Makadonisti was a variant of the North Western dialect spoken in Thessally which certainly had affinities with Doric. No substantial text has come down only odd words preventing any certainty.

While Macedonian was a Dorian dialect (presumably), it was Philip who introduced the mandatory use of the Attic Greek as the language of the court.